If you're in a hurry and aren't particular about fresh foods, I used to purchase cans of salt-free vegetables - green beans, carrots, and peas worked particularly well, and just dump the entire thing in the blender; you can control the texture by adding water as needed. Check the labels first, but salt-free canned foods typically contain no other ingredients except the food and water. These then went into ice-cube trays in the freezer, and then ziploc bags. Once your baby is able to chew a little bit, they can eat the canned veggies straight, as they're soft enough to eat if cut in small pieces or mashed a bit with a fork. Of course, no reason to avoid fresh, just that the cooking is done for you with canned - and they actually taste like peas, beans, and carrots, to boot. If you're looking for single-serve foods that you can carry with you, you can usually get fruit purees in single-serve cups (applesauce, etc) which are, again, free of additives - just read the labels carefully. Some foods, like Avocados, require no work other than cutting them open and maybe mashing a bit with the spoon you're using to feed the baby.
Another cheat of mine that I've mentioned before is the frozen cooked squash puree available in bricks in the frozen veggie section. Typically, this contains only frozen butternut squash - Sparky lived on the stuff, it was the first food we introduced and his favorite for the first year. Again, just cut the block into serving-sized pieces.
The jarred baby foods offer a good lead as to which things are appropriate: you'll note that there aren't citrus fruits or berries (can cause diaper rash) or aromatics (no onions and garlic) or nuts, and are typically single foods.