Pucca wrote:bread baking neophyte here with a really dumb question. When you use a container for proofing dough in the refrigerator, do you prefer it to be tall and deep over wide and shallow? Does it even matter? It's just that I have very limited space for things that are big and tall in my frig, so if I am going to keep dough on hand, I have a lot more space for something that is wide and shallow.
This isn't a dumb question at at. I recently moved from an apartment with a large "standard" fridge to one that has a really nice stainless steel on that is, unfortunately quite a bit smaller and more narrow. I never had to think about this issue until now. I'm constantly rearranging everything in the fridge so I can fit the bread in.
It doesn't really matter, in general. Having said, it can matter.
If you are doing a final rise (i.e. the bread has already been shaped), then it is best to have the dough in something that will encourage it to rise in the way you want the final loaf to look. So, for a round loaf with a wet dough (one that has a high ratio of water to flour), you want to make sure that the dough rises up and doesn't just spread out. That is what a banneton or brotform is for.
But it sounds like you are asking about a first rise. You've just kneeded the dough, you are going to let it rise, then shape it, let it rise again, and bake. Here it is less important what shape the container is. Rickster makes two excellent points: you want something that makes it easy to measure the progress of the dough and you don't want the dough to dry out. I use a tall, narrow plastic container with volume markings on it. But if you can't fit something tall and narrow in the fridge, don't worry about it. You'll get a new fridge eventually. But for now, just make sure that you cover the container well (like with plastic wrap if it doesn't have a lid).
Also, don't get too hung up on letting the dough double in volume. I'm amazed at how much variation there is from loaf to loaf in how much the dough volume increases in a given amount of time. You have to judge it as much by feel and looks as by volume.