Rome is great for food and everything else. There are myriad fun trattorias and tavolo caldos, but there are also some great places that are worth eating at for the history.
Here are some notes I wrote up for a friend who recently made her first trip to Italy (I'm leaving out items from the originals that have no bearing on food):
Stroll down the Via Veneto, Rome’s main thoroughfare, past famous shops and sidewalk cafés. Stop at Donné’s for hot chocolate and people watching.
Seek out the Piazza Navona, considered Rome’s most beautiful square, where you can admire the magnificent central Fontana dei Fiumi (Fountain of the Rivers) by Bernini. The Piazza Navona occupies the site of the former Domitian stadium, and retains the stadium’s shape. If you feel like a snack, stop at the gelateria at Tre Scalini (one of Rome’s great restaurants) in the Piazza Navona for tortuffo – a decadent chocolate treat, with dark chocolate ice cream rolled in chopped chocolate. It’s not big, but it’s so rich, you won’t feel short-changed.
History and art are intimately allied with cuisine in this town.
Dante favored the Hostaria dell’Orso—very elegant, reservations a must. The Hostaria dell’Orso is in a splendid, 14th-century building (and worth the visit, I think, just for the rare opportunity to eat in a building of such antiquity). On the ground floor, there is a lovely piano bar for a before-dinner drink. The restaurant is on the next floor up, divided between the level’s several large rooms. Simply lovely. Oh, and the food is good, too.
Or have the original fettucine Alfredo at Alfredo’s al Augusteo (reservations recommended – and go early if you just want the pasta – most Americans are surprised to find that, in Italy, pasta is simply the course that precedes the main course, it isn’t the main course). Alfredo invented this dish while his wife was pregnant, as it was the only thing she could keep down. The “Vero Re della Fettucine” (True King of Fettucine”) takes his pasta and his reputation very seriously, but with great good humor. There is a massive frieze about the door with Alfredo in a chariot, holding the reins of the racing horses in one hand and a plate of fettucine in the other. The walls are covered with the pictures of the myriad celebrities and political figures from several continents who have dined here. I liked Sophia Loren’s note to Alfredo: “From Italy’s other famous hot dish.” And the fettucine is better than you can imagine – and only vaguely like what we call Fettucine Alfredo here in the U.S. (no cream, for example). Mary Pickford and Douglas Fairbanks, Jr. once gave Alfredo a solid-gold fork and spoon (the traditional utensils for consuming pasta) with the comment that only gold was good enough for eating the sublime fettucine. It’s that good. (But it’s okay to eat it with regular silverware.)
Another fun choice is Sora Lella on the Isola Tiberina. This island in the River Tiber was built up by the Romans to resemble a ship, because that caused the water to pass around the island, rather than tear it apart. Sora Lella is a small trattoria, but it is very Roman, with daily specials such as maialino all'antica roma (suckling pig with prunes, pine nuts, and raisins) and Roman ricotta cake. It’s fun to visit the restroom, because the water of the Tiber River rushes past only a few feet below the window! Begun by a local woman, Sora Lella, the restaurant has become something of a monument to one of her sons, who became a widely known entertainer in Rome. It’s not as cheap as some trattoria’s, but it’s more interesting than most other trattoria’s.
I never got there, but my parents liked the Taberna Ulpia in Trajan’s Forum. It’s where centurions entertained their ladies after events at the Colosseum! You can just go for drinks after you’ve had dinner somewhere else, if you find you have more places to try than nights in which to try them.
The possibilities are almost limitless, however, and almost everything cooked in Rome is great. My favorite Roman dishes include Saltimbocca alla Romana (veal cooked with prosciutto and sage in white wine) and spaghetti alla carbonara (spaghetti tossed with eggs, pancetta, cheese, and olive oil – much better than it sounds, actually). But I can’t remember a bad meal.
Outside of town, you can visit Frascati, home of one of Italy's most pleasant white wines, which bears the same name as the town. Great little cliff-side restaurants offer views and food to enjoy with your wine.